The shallow-water CDOM sensor operates on the principle of fluorescence measurement technology. It utilizes an ultraviolet light source to excite chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) in seawater, causing it to emit fluorescence signals within specific wavelength bands. By detecting variations in fluorescence intensity, the sensor enables accurate inversion of CDOM concentration. The sensor can be optionally equipped with a wiper device to effectively prevent biofouling, ensuring long-term monitoring reliability. Featuring high detection sensitivity and rapid response time among other technical advantages, it is compatible with mobile observation platforms such as Argo floats and underwater gliders, as well as fixed monitoring equipment like moored buoys and shipboard water samplers. This allows for multidimensional and high-precision observation of CDOM concentration in shallow-water profiles, providing critical technical support for research on marine carbon cycles and ecological environment monitoring.